book2.3
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======Book II - Part III====== | ======Book II - Part III====== | ||
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**Canon 579 Establishing Diocesan Congregations** | **Canon 579 Establishing Diocesan Congregations** | ||
- | Provided the Apostolic See has been consulted, diocesan Bishops can, by formal decree, establish institutes of consecrated life in their own territories. | + | The diocesan bishop, in his own territory, can validly erect institutes of consecrated by formal decree with the prior written permission of the Apostolic See. (updated by motu proprio // |
- | * Diocesan bishop can erect an institute, but must: consult | + | * Diocesan bishop can erect an institute |
+ | The entire rescript can be viewed at: | ||
* CF MR 57 | * CF MR 57 | ||
- | * **PC 19:** In a new institute, look for for original inspiration, | + | * **PC 19:** In a new institute, look for original inspiration, |
- | * **VC 12:** "The perennial youth of the Church continues to be evident even today. In recent years, following the Second Vatican Council, new or renewed forms of the consecrated life have arisen. In many cases, these are Institutes similar to those already existing, but inspired by new spiritual and apostolic impulses. Their vitality must be judged by the authority of the Church, which has the responsibility of examining them in order to discern the authenticity of the purpose for their foundation and to prevent the proliferation of institutions similar to one another, with the consequent risk of a harmful fragmentation into excessively small groups." | + | * **VC 12:** "The perennial youth of the Church continues to be evident even today. In recent years, following the Second Vatican Council, new or renewed forms of the consecrated life have arisen. In many cases, these are Institutes similar to those already existing but inspired by new spiritual and apostolic impulses. Their vitality must be judged by the authority of the Church, which has the responsibility of examining them in order to discern the authenticity of the purpose for their foundation and to prevent the proliferation of institutions similar to one another, with the consequent risk of a harmful fragmentation into excessively small groups." |
* Founding a community begins with a small gathering in a house, radically living the gospel, following a particular call. They are generally in informal dialogue with the bishop. [[http:// | * Founding a community begins with a small gathering in a house, radically living the gospel, following a particular call. They are generally in informal dialogue with the bishop. [[http:// | ||
- | * When a group begins to have a public presence in the local church they may become: 1) a de facto association, | + | * When a group begins to have a public presence in the local church they may become: 1) a de facto association, |
* The bishop consults the Apostolic See before erecting a religious congregation. | * The bishop consults the Apostolic See before erecting a religious congregation. | ||
* The Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life (CICLSAL) is competent. They will generally require some indicia of vitality and stability, new spiritual and apostolic impulses, and authenticity of life and mission. Required for validity: AAS 108 (2016) 696 | * The Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life (CICLSAL) is competent. They will generally require some indicia of vitality and stability, new spiritual and apostolic impulses, and authenticity of life and mission. Required for validity: AAS 108 (2016) 696 | ||
* Pastor Bonus 105-111 outlines the role of CICL | * Pastor Bonus 105-111 outlines the role of CICL | ||
* Art. 105 — The principal function of the Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and for Societies of Apostolic Life is to promote and supervise in the whole Latin Church the practice of the evangelical counsels as they are lived in approved forms of consecrated life and, at the same time, the work of societies of apostolic life. | * Art. 105 — The principal function of the Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and for Societies of Apostolic Life is to promote and supervise in the whole Latin Church the practice of the evangelical counsels as they are lived in approved forms of consecrated life and, at the same time, the work of societies of apostolic life. | ||
- | * Art. 106 — § 1. The Congregation erects and approves religious and secular institutes and societies of apostolic life, or passes | + | * Art. 106 — § 1. The Congregation erects and approves religious and secular institutes and societies of apostolic life, or passes |
* § 2. The Congregation is also competent to establish, or, if need be, to rescind, the unions or federations of institutes and societies. | * § 2. The Congregation is also competent to establish, or, if need be, to rescind, the unions or federations of institutes and societies. | ||
- | * Art. 107 — The Congregation for its part takes care that institutes of consecrated life and societies of apostolic life grow and flourish according to the spirit of their founders and healthy traditions, faithfully follow their proper purpose and truly benefit the salvific mission of the Church. | + | * Art. 107 — The Congregation for its part takes care that institutes of consecrated life and societies of apostolic life grow and flourish according to the spirit of their founders and healthy traditions, faithfully follow their proper purpose, and truly benefit the salvific mission of the Church. |
- | * Art. 108 — § 1. It deals with everything which, in accordance with the law, belongs to the Holy See concerning the life and work of the institutes and societies, especially the approval of their constitutions, | + | * Art. 108 — § 1. It deals with everything which, in accordance with the law, belongs to the Holy See concerning the life and work of the institutes and societies, especially the approval of their constitutions, |
* § 2. However, the organization of philosophical and theological studies and other academic subjects comes within the competence of the Congregation of Seminaries and Institutes of Studies. | * § 2. However, the organization of philosophical and theological studies and other academic subjects comes within the competence of the Congregation of Seminaries and Institutes of Studies. | ||
- | * Art. 109 — It is the function of this Congregation to establish conferences of major superiors of men and women religious, to grant approval to their statutes and to give great attention in order that their activities are directed to achieving their true purpose. | + | * Art. 109 — It is the function of this Congregation to establish conferences of major superiors of men and women religious, to grant approval to their statutes, and to give great attention in order that their activities are directed to achieving their true purpose. |
- | * Art. 110 — The Congregation has competence also regarding | + | * Art. 110 — The Congregation has competence also regarding |
* Art. 111 — Its competence also embraces the third orders and associations of the faithful which are erected with the intention that, after a period of preparation, | * Art. 111 — Its competence also embraces the third orders and associations of the faithful which are erected with the intention that, after a period of preparation, | ||
* File is sent to Rome with required documents. 1) name and CV of founder and superior. 2) historical / juridical narrative. 3) Constitution and secondary document. 4) Picture of habit. 5) Up-to-date membership statistics. 6) Finances. 7) Extraordinary experiences and miracles. 8) Testimonial letters from bishops on usefulness, stability, discipline, formation, government, temporal administration, | * File is sent to Rome with required documents. 1) name and CV of founder and superior. 2) historical / juridical narrative. 3) Constitution and secondary document. 4) Picture of habit. 5) Up-to-date membership statistics. 6) Finances. 7) Extraordinary experiences and miracles. 8) Testimonial letters from bishops on usefulness, stability, discipline, formation, government, temporal administration, | ||
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* CICLSAL likes about 5-10 years in each step. and about 40 people for diocesan and 100 for pontifical. Prefers orderly approach: private assn, public assn, diocesan, pontifical. | * CICLSAL likes about 5-10 years in each step. and about 40 people for diocesan and 100 for pontifical. Prefers orderly approach: private assn, public assn, diocesan, pontifical. | ||
* Some associates and oblates associated to older institutes. Not to be religious, but canonical and associated. | * Some associates and oblates associated to older institutes. Not to be religious, but canonical and associated. | ||
- | * This is examined by two persons and forwarded to Prefect. CDF may be consulted. In granting the Nihil obstat is received, the bishop can erect as diocesan bishop. Superior professes vows before bishop. Then the rest profess vows before the superior. | + | * This is examined by two persons and forwarded to Prefect. CDF may be consulted. In granting the Nihil obstat is received, the bishop can erect as diocesan bishop. Superior professes vows before |
Line 95: | Line 97: | ||
* E.g. between Dominicans, Franciscans, | * E.g. between Dominicans, Franciscans, | ||
* Sharing resources, spirituality, | * Sharing resources, spirituality, | ||
- | * Under the authority of the agreggating | + | * Under the authority of the aggregating |
**Canon 581 Parts** | **Canon 581 Parts** | ||
Line 105: | Line 107: | ||
**Canon 582 Restructuring** | **Canon 582 Restructuring** | ||
- | * Fusion - small institute gets joined to a larger one - small institute is suppressed. | + | * Fusion - small institute gets joined to a larger one - the small institute is suppressed. |
- | * Union - Two or more of same size join - all former institutes are suppressed and a new one is erected with new constitutions and new elections of leadership. | + | * Union - Two or more of the same size join - all former institutes are suppressed and a new one is erected with new constitutions and new elections of leadership. |
* Holy see ensures justice and the good of all institutes and local churches. There is a lengthy process to ensure all rights and obligations are respected. | * Holy see ensures justice and the good of all institutes and local churches. There is a lengthy process to ensure all rights and obligations are respected. | ||
- | * Federations are collaborative groups of independent congregations. Independent abbeys are completely responsible for everthing | + | * Federations are collaborative groups of independent congregations. Independent abbeys are completely responsible for everything |
*CO requires contemplative monasteries to federate. | *CO requires contemplative monasteries to federate. | ||
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**Canon 584 Suppression** Only the Apostolic See can suppress an institute and dispose of its temporal goods. | **Canon 584 Suppression** Only the Apostolic See can suppress an institute and dispose of its temporal goods. | ||
- | * This really applies to the apostolic orders. In abbeys, it isn't the institute that is important but the abbeys themselves and their suppression is a significant | + | * This really applies to the apostolic orders. In abbeys, it isn't the institute that is important but the abbeys themselves and their suppression is a significant |
* Also, Canon 123: On the extinction of a public juridical person, the arrangements for its patrimonial goods and rights, and for its liabilities, | * Also, Canon 123: On the extinction of a public juridical person, the arrangements for its patrimonial goods and rights, and for its liabilities, | ||
* Increasingly important as many institutes in Europe and North America are declining. | * Increasingly important as many institutes in Europe and North America are declining. | ||
Line 138: | Line 140: | ||
* the admission and formation of members, and | * the admission and formation of members, and | ||
* the proper object of their sacred bonds. | * the proper object of their sacred bonds. | ||
- | * §2 This code is approved by the competent ecclesiastical authority, and can be changed only with the consent of the same. | + | * §2 This code is approved by the competent ecclesiastical authority and can be changed only with the consent of the same. |
* §3 In the constitutions, | * §3 In the constitutions, | ||
* §4 Other norms which are established by the competent authority of the institute are to be properly collected in other codes, but these can be conveniently reviewed and adapted according to the needs of time and place. | * §4 Other norms which are established by the competent authority of the institute are to be properly collected in other codes, but these can be conveniently reviewed and adapted according to the needs of time and place. | ||
Line 150: | Line 152: | ||
* incorporation, | * incorporation, | ||
* vows (proper object = way of observing). | * vows (proper object = way of observing). | ||
- | * Way of governing springs from the charism - when law is written well, then you should be able to determine the spirit from that. Council of major superior is important to the way of a lifestyle - how would a carthusian | + | * Way of governing springs from the charism - when law is written well, then you should be able to determine the spirit from that. Council of major superior is important to the way of a lifestyle - how would a Carthusian |
* In some communities, | * In some communities, | ||
- | * Spiritual and juridic elements are to be suitably joined. The two should be linked in such a way as to show the link of norms and spiritual identity. | + | * Spiritual and juridic elements are to be suitably joined. The two should be linked in such a way as to show the link between |
- | * Constitutions are best short and concise. Elementary, core matters. What would make us different if we were changed. 1921, 1910 norms on how to make constitutions - too detailed. External approval makes it harder to change. Essentials are in constitutions; | + | * Constitutions are best short and concise. Elementary, core matters. What would make us different if we were changed? 1921, 1910 norms on how to make constitutions - too detailed. External approval makes it harder to change. Essentials are in constitutions; |
* CIC83 left more to individual institutes to determine than CIC17 | * CIC83 left more to individual institutes to determine than CIC17 | ||
* **" | * **" | ||
* Sodales is used in the 1983 code, in preference to Religioso/ | * Sodales is used in the 1983 code, in preference to Religioso/ | ||
- | * This is in an attempt to us a gender neutral term. However, it has caused some trouble in the interpretation. In the US, in English, the word " | + | * This is in an attempt to use a gender-neutral term. However, it has caused some trouble in the interpretation. In the US, in English, the word " |
**Canon 588 Clerical nor Lay** | **Canon 588 Clerical nor Lay** | ||
* §1 In itself, consecrated life is neither clerical nor lay. | * §1 In itself, consecrated life is neither clerical nor lay. | ||
* §2 A clerical institute is one which, by reason of the end or purpose intended by the founder, or by reason of lawful tradition, is under the governance of clerics, presupposes the exercise of sacred orders, and is recognized as such by ecclesiastical authority. | * §2 A clerical institute is one which, by reason of the end or purpose intended by the founder, or by reason of lawful tradition, is under the governance of clerics, presupposes the exercise of sacred orders, and is recognized as such by ecclesiastical authority. | ||
- | * §3 A lay institute is one which is recognized as such by ecclesiastical authority because, by its nature, character and purpose, its proper role, defined by its founder or by lawful tradition, does not include the exercise of sacred orders. | + | * §3 A lay institute is one which is recognized as such by ecclesiastical authority because, by its nature, character, and purpose, its proper role, defined by its founder or by lawful tradition, does not include the exercise of sacred orders. |
- | * Some institutes are neither clerical nor lay - Franciscan | + | * Some institutes are neither clerical nor lay - The franciscan |
- | * CIC17 was pragmatic - you are clerical if a majority of the institute are clerics. A group may go back and forth, but at least the distinction is clear. Clerical = by tradition, under the direction of clerics, assumes exercise of sacred orders, and recognized as such. It gives more rights against the bishop, even if it is inconsistent with the way of life. The very notion of cleric has evolved - in the 12th century it was associated with the ability to read and write. | + | * CIC17 was pragmatic - you are clerical if a majority of the institute are clerics. A group may go back and forth, but at least the distinction is clear. Clerical = by tradition, under the direction of clerics, assumes |
* Franciscans have a tradition of parity between brothers and priests. They have struggled to have brothers in leadership, even if there are priests in the province or congregation. | * Franciscans have a tradition of parity between brothers and priests. They have struggled to have brothers in leadership, even if there are priests in the province or congregation. | ||
Line 178: | Line 180: | ||
**Canon 591 Exemption** | **Canon 591 Exemption** | ||
- | * Historical notion. Ex-emere bought out, set free. Identity and vocation bring a rightful autonomy - Freedom in the spirit, freedom of the children of God. In practice these concepts are mixed: exemption and rightful autonomy. | + | * Historical notion. Ex-emere bought out, set free. Identity and vocation bring a rightful autonomy - Freedom in the spirit, freedom of the children of God. In practice, these concepts are mixed: exemption and rightful autonomy. |
- | * First exempt institute was Cluny with daughter houses. Before all religious were under diocesan bishop as all the faithful. Time of western schism, popes tried to bind people to them by privileges, e.g. exemption of religious, most exempt. But ministry, fundraising was a problem for the bishop. They tried to abolish at Trent, but didn't succeed. CIC17: Canon 615* Regulares ... ab Ordinarii loci iurisdictione exempti sunt.... In order to let the religious be what they are. This is not a privilege, but essential. | + | * First exempt institute was Cluny with daughter houses. Before all religious were under a diocesan bishop as all the faithful. Time of western schism, popes tried to bind people to them by privileges, e.g. exemption of religious, most exempt. But ministry, fundraising was a problem for the bishop. They tried to abolish at Trent, but didn't succeed. CIC17: Canon 615* Regulares ... ab Ordinarii loci iurisdictione exempti sunt.... In order to let the religious be what they are. This is not a privilege, but essential. |
- | * Exemption as a privilege in the old sense doesn' | + | * Exemption as a privilege in the old sense doesn' |
**Canon 592 Communion with Rome** §1 To promote communion, each supreme Moderator is to send a __brief__ account of the state and life of the institute to the same Apostolic See, in the manner and at the time it lays down. | **Canon 592 Communion with Rome** §1 To promote communion, each supreme Moderator is to send a __brief__ account of the state and life of the institute to the same Apostolic See, in the manner and at the time it lays down. | ||
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* History: In many cases an institute was founded by a movement, e.g. canons regular. Then there came to be double monasteries, | * History: In many cases an institute was founded by a movement, e.g. canons regular. Then there came to be double monasteries, | ||
- | **Canon 615 Autonomous Monasteries** | + | **Canon 615 Autonomous Monasteries** |
- | * They may congregate or federate. One autonomous house may stand on its own. E.g. benedictine women. There may be a an abbot general, or external superior - or there may be other practical arrangement. In a Praem. convent, a diocesan bishop placed a prioress without reference to the abbot general. These are almost of diocesan right, but there is a clear distinction over internal and external - e.g. he might preside over election, but is not to influence the election. He must respect the autonomy. After the election the chair of the chapter asks acceptance - the election is an act of the chapter. The bishop can confirm, give force to what is done by someone else. | + | * They may congregate or federate. One autonomous house may stand on its own. E.g. benedictine women. There may be a an abbot general, or external superior - or there may be other practical arrangement. These are almost of diocesan right, but there is a clear distinction over internal and external - e.g. he might preside over election, but is not to influence the election. He must respect the autonomy. After the election the chair of the chapter asks acceptance - the election is an act of the chapter. The bishop can confirm, give force to what is done by someone else. |
* Vultum Dei and Cor orans have made Federations a requirement. | * Vultum Dei and Cor orans have made Federations a requirement. | ||
* Cor orans adjusted the responsibilities of the diocesan bishop. Historically, | * Cor orans adjusted the responsibilities of the diocesan bishop. Historically, | ||
Line 367: | Line 369: | ||
* Often personal problems are better dealt with the personally with an individual leader - collective leadership brings wisdom. | * Often personal problems are better dealt with the personally with an individual leader - collective leadership brings wisdom. | ||
* Administration of spiritual and temporal goods is not best confided to just one person. | * Administration of spiritual and temporal goods is not best confided to just one person. | ||
- | * The chapter | + | * The chapter |
**ARTICLE 1: SUPERIORS AND COUNCILS** | **ARTICLE 1: SUPERIORS AND COUNCILS** | ||
Line 640: | Line 642: | ||
* Temporary vows can be replaced with another type of bond or promise. | * Temporary vows can be replaced with another type of bond or promise. | ||
* Also greater active collaboration of candidates in their own formation, insights from the behavioral sciences, moving beyond detailed minutiae to integral formation, more flexibility left to individual institutes. | * Also greater active collaboration of candidates in their own formation, insights from the behavioral sciences, moving beyond detailed minutiae to integral formation, more flexibility left to individual institutes. | ||
+ | * Stages: | ||
+ | * Screening and Discernment | ||
+ | * Pre-novitiate | ||
+ | * Novitiate | ||
+ | * Temporary Profession | ||
+ | * Requirements and criteria | ||
+ | * A community member to accompany those at each stage. | ||
+ | * A community and ministry | ||
+ | * Gradual growth and maturing in their vocation | ||
+ | | ||
**Canon 641 Right to Admit** The right to admit candidates to the novitiate belongs to the major Superiors, in accordance with the norms of the __institute' | **Canon 641 Right to Admit** The right to admit candidates to the novitiate belongs to the major Superiors, in accordance with the norms of the __institute' | ||
* CIC17 required vote of council or chapter, now it is left to institute' | * CIC17 required vote of council or chapter, now it is left to institute' | ||
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===CHAPTER IV: OBLIGATIONS AND RIGHTS OF INSTITUTES AND OF THEIR MEMBERS=== | ===CHAPTER IV: OBLIGATIONS AND RIGHTS OF INSTITUTES AND OF THEIR MEMBERS=== | ||
| | ||
- | | + | **Rights in Canon Law** |
- | * No discussion | + | * Obligations |
+ | * Obligations and Rights of the Lay Christian Faithful | ||
+ | * Obligations and Rights of Clerics | ||
+ | * Obligations and Rights of Institutes and their Members. | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Human and Civil Rights** | ||
+ | * Retained by Religious | ||
+ | * Choose to limit exercise | ||
+ | * Limit: Ownership, Family | ||
+ | * Interdependent use: education, work, residence | ||
+ | * Free association | ||
+ | * Conditions on membership | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Christian Faithful** | ||
+ | * Obligations and Rights | ||
+ | * Each right implies an obligation | ||
+ | * Retained by members of religious institutes | ||
+ | * Limit the exercise of these rights | ||
+ | * Use in interdependence with the institute | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Important Rights** | ||
+ | * Right and duty to express opinions | ||
+ | * Right to choose state in life (Canon 219) | ||
+ | * Right to privacy and reputation (Canon 220) | ||
+ | * Right to due process and right of defense | ||
+ | * (Canon 221) | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Canon 212** | ||
+ | * §1. Conscious of their own responsibility, | ||
+ | * §3. According to the knowledge, competence, and prestige which they possess, they have the right and even at times the duty to manifest to the sacred pastors their opinion on matters which pertain to the good of the Church and to make their opinion known to the rest of the Christian faithful, without prejudice to the integrity of faith and morals, with reverence toward their pastors, and attentive to common advantage and the dignity of persons. | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Canon 219*** | ||
+ | * All the Christian faithful have the right to be free from any kind of coercion | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Canon 220** | ||
+ | * No one is permitted to harm illegitimately | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Right of Privacy / Reputation** | ||
+ | * Moderate their exercise of the right to privacy | ||
+ | * Not forfeited | ||
+ | * Shared information: | ||
+ | * Balancing Privacy | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Canon 221** | ||
+ | * §1. The Christian faithful can legitimately vindicate and defend the rights which they possess | ||
+ | * §2. If they are summoned to a trial by a competent authority, the Christian faithful also have the right to be judged according to the prescripts | ||
+ | * §3. The Christian faithful have the right not to be punished with canonical penalties except according to the norm of law. | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Due Process / Defense** | ||
+ | * Fundamental fairness | ||
+ | * Not fully spelled out in the code | ||
+ | * Defense | ||
+ | * Assistance of canonical counsel | ||
+ | * Procedures | ||
+ | * Protect | ||
+ | |||
+ | ---- | ||
**Canon 662 Following Christ** Religious are to find their __supreme rule__ of life in the following of __Christ__ as proposed in the __Gospel__ and as expressed in the __constitutions__ of their own institute. | **Canon 662 Following Christ** Religious are to find their __supreme rule__ of life in the following of __Christ__ as proposed in the __Gospel__ and as expressed in the __constitutions__ of their own institute. | ||
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* 1° has __notoriously defected__ from the catholic faith; | * 1° has __notoriously defected__ from the catholic faith; | ||
* 2° has __contracted marriage__ or attempted to do so, even civilly. | * 2° has __contracted marriage__ or attempted to do so, even civilly. | ||
+ | * 3° has __been absent__ from the religious house illegitimately, | ||
§2 In these cases the __major Superior__ with his or her council must, after __collecting the evidence__, __without delay__ make a __declaration of the fact__, so that the dismissal is juridically established. | §2 In these cases the __major Superior__ with his or her council must, after __collecting the evidence__, __without delay__ make a __declaration of the fact__, so that the dismissal is juridically established. | ||
Line 1225: | Line 1293: | ||
* Notorious defection is not the same as delicts of canon 751 that result in //latae sententiae// | * Notorious defection is not the same as delicts of canon 751 that result in //latae sententiae// | ||
* Marriage is proven through documentation. It does not include other offenses against the vow of chastity. | * Marriage is proven through documentation. It does not include other offenses against the vow of chastity. | ||
+ | §3. In the case provided for in § 1 no. 3, for this declaration to be legally established it must be confirmed by the Holy See; for the institutes of diocesan right the confirmation is up to the Bishop of the principal house. [[https:// | ||
**Canon 695 Obligatory Dismissal** | **Canon 695 Obligatory Dismissal** | ||
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* Major superior is competent, and doesn' | * Major superior is competent, and doesn' | ||
* There is no parallel in the Eastern code. | * There is no parallel in the Eastern code. | ||
+ | |||
**Canon 696 Discretionary Dismissal** | **Canon 696 Discretionary Dismissal** | ||
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**Canon 728 Effect of Departure** When an indult to leave the institute has been lawfully granted, all bonds, rights and obligations deriving from incorporation cease. | **Canon 728 Effect of Departure** When an indult to leave the institute has been lawfully granted, all bonds, rights and obligations deriving from incorporation cease. | ||
- | **Canon 729 Dismissal** A member is dismissed from the institute in accordance with the norms of cann. 694 and 695. The constitutions are also to determine other reasons for dismissal, provided they are proportionately | + | **Canon 729 Dismissal** A member is dismissed from the institute in accordance with the norms of cann. 694 **§ 1, 1 and 2** and 695. The constitutions are also to determine other reasons for dismissal, provided they are proportionately |
- | * Procedural safeguards established for religious life are observed. | + | * Procedural safeguards established for religious life are observed. Communis Vita in 2019 added automatic dismissal for members of religious institutes who are illegitimately absent for 12 continuous months and unreachable, |
**Canon 730 Transfer** For a member to transfer from one secular institute to another, the provisions of can. 684 §§1, 2, 4 and 685, are to be observed. A transfer to or from another kind of institute of consecrated life requires the permission of the Apostolic See, whose instructions must be followed. | **Canon 730 Transfer** For a member to transfer from one secular institute to another, the provisions of can. 684 §§1, 2, 4 and 685, are to be observed. A transfer to or from another kind of institute of consecrated life requires the permission of the Apostolic See, whose instructions must be followed. | ||
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* Canons 694-704 provide procedural norms for the involuntary dismissal of a member. | * Canons 694-704 provide procedural norms for the involuntary dismissal of a member. | ||
- | Capparos 696 | ||
- | Hite 672 | ||
- | Torres 691 |
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