Canon Law

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 =====Book IV: Sanctifying Office===== =====Book IV: Sanctifying Office=====
  
- **Canon 834 Sanctifying through Liturgy**  §1. The Church fulfills its sanctifying function in a //particular way// through the //sacred liturgy,// the priestly function of Jesus Christ where sanctification is signified and effected through signs; public worship of God by Christ the Head and members §2In the name of the Church it is only by persons legitimately designated and through acts approved. Various words are used: liturgia = cultus, actiones, etc.+ [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__P2S.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html|Latin]]
  
- **Canon 835 General Roles** §1. The bishops in the first place exercise the sanctifying function; they are the high priests, dispensers, directors, promoters, and guardians of liturgy.  §2. Presbyters also exercise this function. §3. Deacons have a part. §4. The other members of the Christian faithful also have their own part, particularly parents for their children. Sacerdos is priest and bishop, presbyter is priest (not bishop). These are not always translated accurately.+ **Canon 834 Sanctifying through Liturgy**  §1. The Church fulfills its sanctifying function in a //particular way// through the //sacred liturgy,// the priestly function of Jesus Christ where sanctification is //signified// and effected through //signs//; //public// worship of God by Christ the Head and members.  §2. In the name of the Church it is only by persons legitimately designated and through acts approved. Various words are used: liturgia = cultus, actiones, etc. 
 + 
 + **Canon 835 General Roles** §1. The bishops in the //first place// exercise the sanctifying function; they are the high priests, dispensers, directors, promoters, and guardians of liturgy.  §2. Presbyters also //exercise this function//. §3. Deacons have //a part//. §4. The other members of the Christian faithful also have their //own part//, particularly parents in conjugal life and raising children. Sacerdos is priest and bishop, presbyter is priest (not bishop). These are not always translated accurately.
  
  **Canon 836 Common Priesthood** Since Christian worship by the common priesthood of the Christian faithful proceeds from faith it is connected to the ministry of the word.  **Canon 836 Common Priesthood** Since Christian worship by the common priesthood of the Christian faithful proceeds from faith it is connected to the ministry of the word.
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  **Canon 837 Common Action of the Church** §1. Liturgical actions are **not private** actions but //celebrations// of the Church.  §2. //Presence and active participation of the Christian faithful preferred.//  **Canon 837 Common Action of the Church** §1. Liturgical actions are **not private** actions but //celebrations// of the Church.  §2. //Presence and active participation of the Christian faithful preferred.//
  
- **Canon 838 Liturgical Control** §1. Apostolic See claims sole authority for the control of the sacred liturgy. §2. Control includes publishing liturgical books and reviewing translations and vigilance over liturgical regulations.  §3. Conferences of bishops prepare and publish translated, adapted liturgical books. Recognitio  is required. §4. Diocesan bishops gives norms.+ **Canon 838 Liturgical Control** §1. Apostolic See sole authority for the control of the sacred liturgy. §2. Control includes publishing liturgical books and reviewing translations and vigilance over liturgical regulations.  §3. Conferences of bishops prepare and publish translated, adapted liturgical books. Recognitio  is required. §4. Diocesan bishops gives norms.
  
  **Canon 839 "Other" Means** §1. Prayer, penance and charity greatly help to root and strengthen the kingdom of Christ in souls and contribute to the salvation of the world.  §2. Local ordinaries to control the Spirit in their dioceses.  **Canon 839 "Other" Means** §1. Prayer, penance and charity greatly help to root and strengthen the kingdom of Christ in souls and contribute to the salvation of the world.  §2. Local ordinaries to control the Spirit in their dioceses.
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 =====Part I: The Sacraments===== =====Part I: The Sacraments=====
  
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P2S.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P2S.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P2S.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#PARS_I|Latin]]
  
  **Introduction** Baptism 30, Conf 18, Important: Euch 62, Pen 39, Anointing 10, Status: Orders 47, Marriage 111 Canons; we will take 221.  **Introduction** Baptism 30, Conf 18, Important: Euch 62, Pen 39, Anointing 10, Status: Orders 47, Marriage 111 Canons; we will take 221.
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 **Canon 843 Right to Sacraments.** **Canon 843 Right to Sacraments.**
- §1. Sacred ministers cannot deny the sacraments to those who seek them at appropriate times, are properly disposed, and are not prohibited by law from receiving them. §2. Pastors and Christians to ensure proper evangelization and catechesis.+ §1. Sacred ministers __cannot deny the sacraments__ to those who seek them at appropriate times, are properly disposed, and are not prohibited by law from receiving them. §2. //Pastors// and Christians to ensure proper evangelization and catechesis on sacraments.
  
 **Canon 844 Liceity.** **Canon 844 Liceity.**
- §1. Catholic ministers give catholic sacraments to catholic faithful. §2. Exceptionally, Catholics can receive valid non-catholic sacraments penance, anointing and communion. §3. Exceptionally catholic ministers administer the sacraments of penance, Eucharist, and anointing of the sick to non Catholics with valid sacraments. §4. In danger of death or in grave necessity, any christian can receive sacraments. §5. Norms only after consultation with non-Catholic Church or community.+{{ ::ecumenicalsharing.png?300|}} §1. Catholic ministers give catholic sacraments to catholic faithful. §2. Exceptionally, Catholics can receive valid non-catholic sacraments penance, anointing and communion. §3. Exceptionally catholic ministers administer the sacraments of penance, Eucharist, and anointing of the sick to non Catholics with valid sacraments. §4. In danger of death or in grave necessity, any christian can receive sacraments. §5. Norms only after consultation with non-Catholic Church or community.
  
 **Canon 845 Sacramental Character.** **Canon 845 Sacramental Character.**
- §1. Since the sacraments of baptism, confirmation, and orders imprint a character, they cannot be repeated. §2. In uncertainty, conditional conferral allowed.+ §1. Since the sacraments of baptism, confirmation, and orders imprint a character (configuration to Christ), they cannot be repeated. §2. In uncertainty, conditional conferral allowed. (2 Corinthians 1:22; Ephesians 4:30)
  
 **Canon 846 Use Liturgical Books** **Canon 846 Use Liturgical Books**
- §1. Use liturgical books. §2. The minister is to celebrate the sacraments according to the minister’s own rite.+ §1. Use liturgical books. §2. The minister to celebrate the sacraments according to the minister’s own rite.
  
 **Canon 847 Oils.** **Canon 847 Oils.**
- §1. Holy oils from olives, etc. consecrated recently by bishop. §2. The pastor is to obtain the holy oils from his own bishop and is to preserve them diligently with proper care.+ §1. Holy oils from olives, etc. consecrated recently by bishop. §2. The pastor is to obtain the holy oils from his own bishop and is to preserve them diligently with proper care. Balsam is added to oil for Baptism & Orders.
  
 **Canon 848 Payment.** **Canon 848 Payment.**
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 ====Title I: Baptism ==== ====Title I: Baptism ====
- (Canon 849 - 878) [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P2T.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.cmo/IXT/LAT0010/__P2T.HTM|Latin]]+ (Canon 849 - 878) [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P2T.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_I|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 849 Definition.** **Canon 849 Definition.**
  Baptism, the gateway to the sacraments and necessary for salvation by actual reception or at least by desire, is validly conferred only by a washing of true water with the proper form of words.  Through baptism men and women are freed from sin, are reborn as children of God, and, configured to Christ by an indelible character, are incorporated into the Church.  Baptism, the gateway to the sacraments and necessary for salvation by actual reception or at least by desire, is validly conferred only by a washing of true water with the proper form of words.  Through baptism men and women are freed from sin, are reborn as children of God, and, configured to Christ by an indelible character, are incorporated into the Church.
 +  * [[https://www.catholichawaii.org/valid_baptism|Valid Baptism in other Churches and Ecclesial Communities]]
  
 ===Chapter I: Celebration=== ===Chapter I: Celebration===
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P2U.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P2U.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P2U.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_I|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 850 Ritual.** **Canon 850 Ritual.**
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 ===Chapter II: Minister=== ===Chapter II: Minister===
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P2V.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P2V.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P2V.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_I|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 861 Ordinary Minister.** **Canon 861 Ordinary Minister.**
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 ===Chapter III: Recipients=== ===Chapter III: Recipients===
  
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P2W.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P2W.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P2W.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_I|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 864 Everyone.** **Canon 864 Everyone.**
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 **Canon 868 Consent.** **Canon 868 Consent.**
- §1. For an infant to be baptized licitly: 1º parent or guardian must consent; 2º there must be a founded hope that the infant will be brought up in the Catholic religion. §2. An infant is baptized licitly in danger of death even against the will of the parents.+ §1. For an infant to be baptized licitly: 1º parent or guardian must consent; 2º there must be a founded hope that the infant will be brought up in the Catholic religion. §2. An infant is baptized licitly in danger of death even against the will of the parents. 
  
 **Canon 869 Conditional Baptism.** **Canon 869 Conditional Baptism.**
- §1. If baptism is doubtful, it is conferred conditionally. §2. Non-catholic Christians are baptized only if there is a serious doubt about the validity of the baptism. §3. Baptism is conferred after explanation of doubt.+ §1. If baptism is doubtful, it is conferred conditionally. §2. Non-catholic Christians are baptized only if there is a serious doubt about the validity of the baptism. §3. Baptism is conferred after explanation of doubt. [[http://www.archdiocesesantafe.org/Offices/Worship/RCIA/RCIAInformation/Baptisms.pdf|Validity of non-Catholic baptism]]
  
 **Canon 870 Foundling.** **Canon 870 Foundling.**
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 ===Chapter IV: Sponsors=== ===Chapter IV: Sponsors===
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P2X.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P2X.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P2X.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_I|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 872 Role.** **Canon 872 Role.**
- In so far as possible, a person being baptised is to be assigned a sponso to assist the person in christian initiation or help child to fulfil the duties inherent in baptism.+ In so far as possible, a person being baptised is to be assigned a sponsor to assist the person in christian initiation or help child to fulfil the duties inherent in baptism.  
  
 **Canon 873 Number.** **Canon 873 Number.**
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 **Canon 874 Qualifications.** **Canon 874 Qualifications.**
- §1 A sponsor must 1° be appointed by the candidate or parents or minister and be suitable; 2° be not less than sixteen years of age unless...; 3° be a fully initiated catholic who understands duties; 4° not have a canonical penalty; 5° not be either the father or the mother of the person to be baptised. §2 A baptised noncatholic can be a witness to the baptism.+ §1 A sponsor must 1° be appointed by the candidate or parents or minister and be suitable; 2° be not less than sixteen years of age unless...; 3° be a fully initiated catholic who understands duties; 4° not have a canonical penalty; 5° not be either the father or the mother of the person to be baptised. §2 A baptised noncatholic can be a //Christian witness// to the baptism.
  
 ===Chapter V: Proof and Registration=== ===Chapter V: Proof and Registration===
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P2Y.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P2Y.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P2Y.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_I|Latin]]
 **Canon 875 Witness.** **Canon 875 Witness.**
  Sponsor or other witness to be present.  Sponsor or other witness to be present.
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 **Canon 877 Record.** **Canon 877 Record.**
- §1 The parish priest to record names of the baptised, the minister, the parents, the sponsors / witnesses, and the place and date of baptism and date and place of birth. §2 In the case of a child of an unmarried mother, no parents listed unless known and requested by parents. §3 In the case of an adopted child, the names of the adopting parents are to be registered and, at least if this is done in the local civil registration, the names of the natural parents in accordance with §§1 and 2 subject however to the rulings of the Episcopal Conference.+ §1 The parish priest to record names of the baptised, the minister, the parents, the sponsors / witnesses, and the place and date of baptism and date and place of birth. §2 In the case of a child of an unmarried mother, no parents listed unless known and requested by parents. §3 In the case of an adopted child, the names of the adopting parents are to be registered and, at least if this is done in the local civil registration, the names of the natural parents in accordance with §§1 and 2 subject however to the rulings of the Episcopal Conference. [[http://www.usccb.org/beliefs-and-teachings/what-we-believe/canon-law/complementary-norms/canon-877-3-recording-the-baptism-of-adopted-children.cfm|USCCB Norms on adopted children]] [[http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/intrptxt/documents/rc_pc_intrptxt_doc_20060313_actus-formalis_en.html|Defect by Formal Act '02]] [[http://w2.vatican.va/content/benedict-xvi/en/apost_letters/documents/hf_ben-xvi_apl_20091026_codex-iuris-canonici.html|Omnium in mentem '09 - removes effect of leaving by formal act for marriage cases.]]
  
 **Canon 878 Other Minister.** **Canon 878 Other Minister.**
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 ====Title II: Confirmation==== ====Title II: Confirmation====
- (Canon 879 - 896) [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P2Z.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P2Z.HTM|Latin]]+ (Canon 879 - 896) [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P2Z.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_II|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 879 Effects.** **Canon 879 Effects.**
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 ===Chapter I: Celebration=== ===Chapter I: Celebration===
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P30.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P30.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P30.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_II|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 880 Conferral.** **Canon 880 Conferral.**
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 ===Chapter II: Minister=== ===Chapter II: Minister===
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P31.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P31.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P31.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_II|Latin]]
 **Canon 882 Bishop.** **Canon 882 Bishop.**
  The ordinary minister is a bishop; a presbyter can get the faculty.  The ordinary minister is a bishop; a presbyter can get the faculty.
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 ===Chapter III: Recipients=== ===Chapter III: Recipients===
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P32.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P32.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P32.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_II|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 889 Candidates.** **Canon 889 Candidates.**
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 ===Chapter IV: Sponsors=== ===Chapter IV: Sponsors===
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P33.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P33.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P33.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_II|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 892 Duties.** **Canon 892 Duties.**
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 ===Chapter V: Proof and Registration=== ===Chapter V: Proof and Registration===
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P34.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P34.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P34.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_II|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 894 Witness.** **Canon 894 Witness.**
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 ====Title III: Eucharist==== ====Title III: Eucharist====
- (Canon 897 - 958) [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P35.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P35.HTM|Latin]]+ (Canon 897 - 958) [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P35.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_III|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 897 Definition.** **Canon 897 Definition.**
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 ===Chapter I: Celebration=== ===Chapter I: Celebration===
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P36.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P36.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P36.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_III|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 899 ** **Canon 899 **
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 **Article 1: Minister** **Article 1: Minister**
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P37.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P37.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P37.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_III|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 900  ** **Canon 900  **
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 **Article 2: Participants ** **Article 2: Participants **
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P38.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P38.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P38.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_III|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 912 Any Baptized.** **Canon 912 Any Baptized.**
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 **Canon 914 ** **Canon 914 **
- It is primarily the duty of parents and those who take the place of parents, as well as the duty of pastors, to take care that children who have reached the use of reason are prepared properly and, after they have made sacramental confession, are refreshed with this divine food as soon as possible.  It is for the pastor to exercise vigilance so that children who have not attained the use of reason or whom he judges are not sufficiently disposed do not approach holy communion.+ It is primarily the duty of parents and those who take the place of parents, as well as the duty of pastors, to take care that children who have reached the use of reason are prepared properly and, after they have made sacramental confession, are refreshed with this divine food as soon as possible.  It is for the pastor to exercise vigilance so that children who have not attained the use of reason or whom he judges are not sufficiently disposed do not approach holy communion. //Canonical Opinion: Parents may judge the child isn't ready for confession, but is ready for communion.//
  
 **Canon 915 ** **Canon 915 **
- Those who have been excommunicated or interdicted after the imposition or declaration of the penalty and others obstinately persevering in manifest grave sin are not to be admitted to holy communion.+ Those who have been excommunicated or interdicted after the imposition or declaration of the penalty and others obstinately persevering in manifest grave sin are not to be admitted to holy communion. [[https://www.americamagazine.org/issue/488/article/holy-communion-and-unholy-politics|Regarding debate on politicans and eucharist]] {{ :beal14.politicans_eucharist.pdf|}}
  
 **Canon 916 ** **Canon 916 **
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 **Article 3: Rites and Ceremonies ** **Article 3: Rites and Ceremonies **
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P39.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P39.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P39.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_III|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 924 ** **Canon 924 **
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 **Article 4: Time and Place ** **Article 4: Time and Place **
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3A.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P3A.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3A.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_III|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 931 ** **Canon 931 **
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 ===Chapter II: Reservation and Veneration=== ===Chapter II: Reservation and Veneration===
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3B.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P3B.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3B.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_III|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 934 ** **Canon 934 **
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 ===Chapter III: Offering=== ===Chapter III: Offering===
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3C.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P3C.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3C.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_III|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 945 ** **Canon 945 **
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 ====Title IV: Penance==== ====Title IV: Penance====
- (Canon 959 - 997) [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3D.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P3D.HTM|Latin]]+ (Canon 959 - 997) [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3D.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_IV|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 959** **Canon 959**
- In the sacrament of penance the faithful who confess their sins to a legitimate minister, are sorry for them, and intend to reform themselves obtain from God through the absolution imparted by the same minister forgiveness for the sins they have committed after baptism and, at the same, time are reconciled with the Church which they have wounded by sinning.+ In the sacrament of penance the faithful who confess their sins to a legitimate minister, are sorry for them, and intend to reform themselves obtain from God through the absolution imparted by the same minister forgiveness for the sins they have committed after baptism and, at the same, time are reconciled with the Church which they have wounded by sinning. [[http://w2.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/motu_proprio/documents/hf_jp-ii_motu-proprio_20020502_misericordia-dei.html|Misericordia Dei 2002]] Confessions even during Mass.
  
 ===Chapter I: Celebration=== ===Chapter I: Celebration===
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3E.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P3E.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3E.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_IV|Latin]]
  
 Ordinarily individual, unless danger of death or grave necessity. In a church or oratory, or elsewhere for a just cause. Ordinarily individual, unless danger of death or grave necessity. In a church or oratory, or elsewhere for a just cause.
  
 ===Chapter II: Minister=== ===Chapter II: Minister===
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3F.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P3F.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3F.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_IV|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 965** **Canon 965**
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 ===Chapter III: Recipients=== ===Chapter III: Recipients===
  
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3G.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P3G.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3G.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_IV|Latin]]
  
  987 To receive the salvific remedy of the sacrament of penance, a member of the Christian faithful must be disposed in such a way that, rejecting sins committed and having a purpose of amendment, the person is turned back to God. 988 Obligation to confess mortal sins, recommended to confess venial sins. 989 At least once a year. 990 Through an interpreter.  987 To receive the salvific remedy of the sacrament of penance, a member of the Christian faithful must be disposed in such a way that, rejecting sins committed and having a purpose of amendment, the person is turned back to God. 988 Obligation to confess mortal sins, recommended to confess venial sins. 989 At least once a year. 990 Through an interpreter.
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 ===Chapter IV: Indulgences=== ===Chapter IV: Indulgences===
  
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3H.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P3H.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3H.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_IV|Latin]]
  
  992 An indulgence is the remission before God of temporal punishment for sins whose guilt is already forgiven. 993 partial or plenary. 994 for self or others.  992 An indulgence is the remission before God of temporal punishment for sins whose guilt is already forgiven. 993 partial or plenary. 994 for self or others.
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 ====Title V: Anointing of the Sick==== ====Title V: Anointing of the Sick====
  
- (998-1007) [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3I.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P3I.HTM|Latin]]+ (998-1007) [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3I.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_V|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 998** **Canon 998**
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 ===Chapter I: Celebration=== ===Chapter I: Celebration===
  
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3J.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P3J.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3J.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_V|Latin]]
  
  999 Bishop to bless the oil, or priest during sacrament. 1000 §1. The anointings with the words, order, and manner prescribed in the liturgical books are to be performed carefully. 1002 The communal celebration according to the prescripts of the diocesan bishop.  999 Bishop to bless the oil, or priest during sacrament. 1000 §1. The anointings with the words, order, and manner prescribed in the liturgical books are to be performed carefully. 1002 The communal celebration according to the prescripts of the diocesan bishop.
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 ===Chapter II: Minister=== ===Chapter II: Minister===
  
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3K.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P3K.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3K.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_V|Latin]]
  
  1003 §1. Only a priest has right and duty.  1003 §1. Only a priest has right and duty.
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 ===Chapter III: Recipients=== ===Chapter III: Recipients===
  
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3L.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P3L.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3L.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_V|Latin]]
  
  1004 §1. One having reached the use of reason, begins to be in danger due to sickness or old age. §2. Can be repeated. 1005 Administer in case of doubt: use of reason, illness, death.  1004 §1. One having reached the use of reason, begins to be in danger due to sickness or old age. §2. Can be repeated. 1005 Administer in case of doubt: use of reason, illness, death.
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 ====Title VI: Orders (Canon 1008 - 1054)==== ====Title VI: Orders (Canon 1008 - 1054)====
  
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3M.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P3M.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3M.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_VI|Latin]]
  
-**Canon 1008**+**Canon 1008-1009**
  
- Sacred ministers through an indelible character which marks them. They are consecrated and designated. 1009 The orders are the episcopate, the presbyterate, and the diaconate, conferred by the imposition of hands and the consecratory prayer which the liturgical books prescribe for the individual grades.+ Sacred ministers through an indelible character which marks them. They are consecrated and designated. 1009 The orders are the episcopate, the presbyterate, and the diaconate, conferred by the imposition of hands and the consecratory prayer which the liturgical books prescribe for the individual grades. Both canons changed in 2010 by //Omnium in mentem//
  
 ===Chapter I: Celebration and Minister=== ===Chapter I: Celebration and Minister===
  
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3N.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P3N.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3N.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_VI|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 1010** Celebrated within the solemnities of the Mass on a Sunday or holy day of obligation. 1011 §1. Generally is to be celebrated in the cathedral church, with §2. Clerics and other members of the Christian faithful present. **Canon 1010** Celebrated within the solemnities of the Mass on a Sunday or holy day of obligation. 1011 §1. Generally is to be celebrated in the cathedral church, with §2. Clerics and other members of the Christian faithful present.
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 ===Chapter II: Recipients=== ===Chapter II: Recipients===
  
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3O.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P3O.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3O.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_VI|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 1024** A baptized male alone receives sacred ordination validly. 1025 for liceity, preparation, necessary qualities and no impedimentm useful for the ministry of the Church. **Canon 1024** A baptized male alone receives sacred ordination validly. 1025 for liceity, preparation, necessary qualities and no impedimentm useful for the ministry of the Church.
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 **Article 1: Requirements ** **Article 1: Requirements **
  
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3P.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P3P.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3P.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_VI|Latin]]
  
 **Canon 1026** Freedom 1029 have integral faith, are moved by the right intention, have the requisite knowledge, possess a good reputation, and are endowed with integral morals and proven virtues and the other physical and psychic qualities in keeping with the order to be received. 1031 25 years old. Maried deacon 35 and consent of wife. **Canon 1026** Freedom 1029 have integral faith, are moved by the right intention, have the requisite knowledge, possess a good reputation, and are endowed with integral morals and proven virtues and the other physical and psychic qualities in keeping with the order to be received. 1031 25 years old. Maried deacon 35 and consent of wife.
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 **Article 2: Prerequisites ** **Article 2: Prerequisites **
  
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3Q.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P3Q.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3Q.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_VI|Latin]]
  
 Confirmation. Promise to devote perpetually to ecclesiastical ministry. Unmarried (except diaconate). 5 day retreat. Confirmation. Promise to devote perpetually to ecclesiastical ministry. Unmarried (except diaconate). 5 day retreat.
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 **Article 3: Irregularities and Impediments ** **Article 3: Irregularities and Impediments **
  
-[[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3R.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P3R.HTM|Latin]]+[[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3R.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_VI|Latin]]
  
 //Amentia or psychic illness. Apostate, heretic or schismatic. Attempted marriage while impeded. Voluntary homicide or abortion, or accomplice. Mutilation or attempted suicide. Placed an act of higher order. Neophyte. 1043 Faithful are to reveal impediments. 1047 Dispensation reserved to the Apostolic See.// //Amentia or psychic illness. Apostate, heretic or schismatic. Attempted marriage while impeded. Voluntary homicide or abortion, or accomplice. Mutilation or attempted suicide. Placed an act of higher order. Neophyte. 1043 Faithful are to reveal impediments. 1047 Dispensation reserved to the Apostolic See.//
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 **Article 4: Documents and Investigation ** **Article 4: Documents and Investigation **
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3S.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P3S.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3S.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_V|Latin]]
  
  Detailed list of required documentation of suitability and requirements.  Detailed list of required documentation of suitability and requirements.
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 ===Chapter III: Registration and Evidence=== ===Chapter III: Registration and Evidence===
  
- [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3T.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P3T.HTM|Latin]]+ [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3T.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_V|Latin]]
  
  A record of ordination to be kept, notice is sent to place of baptism.  A record of ordination to be kept, notice is sent to place of baptism.
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 ====Title VII: Marriage==== ====Title VII: Marriage====
  
- (Canon 1055 - 1165) [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3U.HTM|English]] [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0010/__P3U.HTM|Latin]]+ (Canon 1055 - 1165) [[http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG0017/__P3U.HTM|English]] [[http://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/latin/documents/cic_liberIV_lt.html#TITULUS_VII|Latin]]
  
   * **I. Introduction **   * **I. Introduction **
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  §1. A marriage between a Catholic and an unbaptized is invalid. §2. No dispensation unless canons 1125 and 1126 have been fulfilled. §3. In a doubtful baptism, validity is presumed. Ecclesiastical law, so can be dispensed. Baptized non-catholics were not bound by the impediment. Mixed marriage is with another Christian; disparity of cult is with a non-Christian. 359 dispensations in Belgium. Free choice is important in Catholic thinking, but it is not in other religious traditions - parents, community may be more important, and arranged marriages are accepted. It is sacramental with Catholic and unbaptized after dispensation. Dispensation is from the Ordinary or his vicars.  §1. A marriage between a Catholic and an unbaptized is invalid. §2. No dispensation unless canons 1125 and 1126 have been fulfilled. §3. In a doubtful baptism, validity is presumed. Ecclesiastical law, so can be dispensed. Baptized non-catholics were not bound by the impediment. Mixed marriage is with another Christian; disparity of cult is with a non-Christian. 359 dispensations in Belgium. Free choice is important in Catholic thinking, but it is not in other religious traditions - parents, community may be more important, and arranged marriages are accepted. It is sacramental with Catholic and unbaptized after dispensation. Dispensation is from the Ordinary or his vicars.
   * If one of the two is RC, you need dispensations for diriment impendiments and you are bound by canonical form.   * If one of the two is RC, you need dispensations for diriment impendiments and you are bound by canonical form.
 +  * "left by formal act" removed by //Omnium in mentem// 2010
  
 **Canon 1087 Orders.** **Canon 1087 Orders.**
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 **Canon 1117 One Catholic.** **Canon 1117 One Catholic.**
- Canonical form is required if at least one is Catholic. and has not defected from it by formal actwithout prejudice to the prescripts of can. 1127, §2.+ Canonical form is required if at least one is Catholic. ("and not left by formal act" removed by //Omnium in mentem// 2010) without prejudice to the prescripts of can. 1127, §2.
  
 **Canon 1118 Parish Church.** **Canon 1118 Parish Church.**
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 **Canon 1124 Inter-Ecclesial Marriage.** **Canon 1124 Inter-Ecclesial Marriage.**
- Express permission required to marry a non-Catholic Christian (for liceity - not validity).+ Express permission required to marry a non-Catholic Christian (for liceity - not validity). "left by formal act" removed by //Omnium in mentem// 2010
  
 **Canon 1125 Promises.** **Canon 1125 Promises.**
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 **Canon 1173** **Canon 1173**
  
- Liturgy of the hours. - 1174 requires recitation of clerics but no sanctions.+ Liturgy of the hours. - 1174 requires recitation of clerics but no sanctions. Laity encouraged, 
 + even using exerpts to make it more accessible. 
 + [[http://www.liturgyoffice.org.uk/Resources/Rites/GILH.pdf|General Instruction on the Liturgy of the Hours]]
  
 ====Title III: Funerals ==== ====Title III: Funerals ====
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 **Canon 1176-1185** - Funerals - more than just burying, but includes the whole ritual - Exequiae. Canon 1240-1243 Cemeteries - governed also by secular law. Three elements of funeral: 1) reception of body after common prayer in house where they died; 2) funus - songs, or mass and/or absutus - absolutions and commendations; 3) burial. 1614 all elements canonized including the two processions. Constitution on the Litury 1963 said funerals should have a more resurrection atmosphere. This was confirmed in the 1970 Missale Romanum, which also let in more local custom. 1969 ordo exequiarum - lots of space for episcopal conferences for 'innovation'. **Canon 1176-1185** - Funerals - more than just burying, but includes the whole ritual - Exequiae. Canon 1240-1243 Cemeteries - governed also by secular law. Three elements of funeral: 1) reception of body after common prayer in house where they died; 2) funus - songs, or mass and/or absutus - absolutions and commendations; 3) burial. 1614 all elements canonized including the two processions. Constitution on the Litury 1963 said funerals should have a more resurrection atmosphere. This was confirmed in the 1970 Missale Romanum, which also let in more local custom. 1969 ordo exequiarum - lots of space for episcopal conferences for 'innovation'.
  
-**Canon 1176.3** Cremation not forbidden. 1000 BCE cremation was the norm; 500 BCE burial became common practice; Romans used cremation for the rich, burial for the poor; With Christianity, cremation became marginal (though it existed at the beginning); Burial of Christ, and grain falling to the earth and then rising up; Later burial was associated with resurrection of the body. 500 AD cremation disappeared. Charlemagne - punished cremation capitally. Renaissance and French Revolution gave rise to attempts at cremation; Italian Free Masons first reintroduced it 1869 - doctors also supported it for public health and civilization; New techniques made it more acceptable legally in late 1800s; 1886 Holy Office prohibited membership in associations in favor of cremation and no anointing and no church funerals if person wanted cremation; 1917 code maintained the prohibitions; 1925 interpretation said church funerals refused to those who asked for cremation, even if not done. The following year they said the revocation had to be proven and ashes couldn't be on church grounds and no prayers or ritual. Seen as part of anti-church polemic. There was never a dogma here. 1963 discipline relaxed and anti religious motives fell away. Some negative attitudes are still prohibited. Not against natural or supernatural truths, doesn't effect the soul, and doesn't prevent the resurrection of the body. But he prohibited religious services at the crematorium. Protestants never condemned it but there is some resistance. Some other documents and finally the 1983 code. All the rituals should take place in the church, before the cremation if possible, if not, omit the committal prayers. No masses and funerals with the urn in the church unless the bishop allows it (CDW). Religious rite is now allowed in crematorium. Urn can be in columbarium (no prayer is provided); spreading the ashes has not christian character. In Belgium 1970 0.3% cremation 1980 5% 1997 30% now close to 60%. 70% catholic ritual.+**Canon 1176.3** Cremation not forbidden. 1000 BCE cremation was the norm; 500 BCE burial became common practice; Romans used cremation for the rich, burial for the poor; With Christianity, cremation became marginal (though it existed at the beginning); Burial of Christ, and grain falling to the earth and then rising up; Later burial was associated with resurrection of the body. 500 AD cremation disappeared. Charlemagne - punished cremation capitally. Renaissance and French Revolution gave rise to attempts at cremation; Italian Free Masons first reintroduced it 1869 - doctors also supported it for public health and civilization; New techniques made it more acceptable legally in late 1800s; 1886 Holy Office prohibited membership in associations in favor of cremation and no anointing and no church funerals if person wanted cremation; 1917 code maintained the prohibitions; 1925 interpretation said church funerals refused to those who asked for cremation, even if not done. The following year they said the revocation had to be proven and ashes couldn't be on church grounds and no prayers or ritual. Seen as part of anti-church polemic. There was never a dogma here. 1963 discipline relaxed and anti religious motives fell away. Some negative attitudes are still prohibited. Not against natural or supernatural truths, doesn't effect the soul, and doesn't prevent the resurrection of the body. But he prohibited religious services at the crematorium. Protestants never condemned it but there is some resistance. Some other documents and finally the 1983 code. All the rituals should take place in the church, before the cremation if possible, if not, omit the committal prayers. No masses and funerals with the urn in the church unless the bishop allows it (CDW). Religious rite is now allowed in crematorium. Urn can be in columbarium (no prayer is provided); spreading the ashes has not christian character. In Belgium 1970 0.3% cremation 1980 5% 1997 30% now close to 60%. 70% catholic ritual. [[http://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/bollettino/pubblico/2016/10/25/161025c.html|Remains]]
  
 ===Chapter I: Celebration=== ===Chapter I: Celebration===
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